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Friday, 4 November 2022

[New post] Le MaaS en quête d’un éco-système

Site logo image Alain de Fooz posted: "" Solutions Magazine

Le MaaS en quête d'un éco-système

Alain de Fooz

Nov 4

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Telecom, Network, Wireless, Devices, IoT

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Comment réaliser la promesse du MaaS -Mobility-as-a-Service ? En créant un réel éco-système où public et privé travaillent de concert, estime Pierre-André Rulmont, futur CIO de la SNCB.

Métro, bus, tramways, taxis, VTC, autopartage, covoiturage, vélos, scooters et trottinettes en libre-service… Rassembler ces diverses offres de transport dans une application unique pour offrir aux usagers un service de mobilité multimodale « tout en un ». C'est la vocation du MaaS (Mobility-as-a-Service).

Pierre-André Rulmont : "les services publics ont un rôle d'orchestration majeur à jouer !"

« Cette offre de mobilité servicielle connectée amorce un changement de notre consommation des transports en passant de la mobilité subie à la mobilité choisie, permettant aux usagers de calculer et construire leur itinéraire en choisissant les divers modes de mobilité proposés », estime Pierre-André Rulmont, futur CIO de la SNCB. Si la technologie est sans limite -les applications les plus abouties offrent la possibilité de payer à l'usage en une seule fois en fin de mois- encore faut-il s'entendre pour créer un réel éco-système où public et privé travaillent de concert.

L'exemple des pays scandinaves

Au cours de Connect 2022, Pierre-André Rulmont expliquera comment le MaaS va permettre d'ajuster son itinéraire en cours de trajet, de s'assurer que son bus va passer ou son vélo en libre-service sera disponible, de disposer d'informations en temps réel pour être guidé, lors d'une correspondance comme en cas de perturbations. 

Dans ce domaine, nous sommes encore loin des pays scandinaves,  aujourd'hui les plus avancés. Depuis 2017, Helsinki propose d'emprunter bus, tramway, trains locaux, vélos en libre-service, taxis et voitures de location. Le paiement peut s'effectuer à l'usage ou selon un forfait mensuel. A Stockholm, l'application comprend les transports publics, le covoiturage, le taxi, la location de voitures et les vélos en libre-service ; la ville propose des tarifs flexibles en fonction du mode de transport utilisé.

Viser un service universel

Tous pays confondus, les applications MaaS existantes sont encore partielles. Si elles y maîtrisent la diffusion de l'information voyageur ( horaires, itinéraires… ), les collectivités commencent à peine à introduire une billettique permettant à l'usager de payer directement dans l'application l'usage des divers modes de transport.

« Tout l'enjeu du MaaS consiste à agréger les différentes offres au bénéfice d'une expérience client la plus riche possible, analyse Pierre-André Rulmont. De là, la question de l'éco-système. Quels acteurs réunir ? Quelle répartition de la valeur ? » La nécessité de coopérer entre acteurs publics et privés, afin de favoriser un service universel et optimal, s'impose. Mais sa mise en place est complexe. L'équilibre entre niveau d'investissement, impact sociétal et résultats attendus diffère pour chaque partie prenante.

Orchestrateur

De son côté, le service public suit une logique de maximisation de l'utilité sociale. Pour leur part, les prestataires du service privé suivent une économie de marché et de maximisation de la rentabilité.

« Je pense que les services publics ont un rôle d'orchestration majeur à jouer. En clair : penser la mobilité au service du collectif et s'attacher à livrer un service inclusif et accessible. C'est la seule façon de toucher le plus grand nombre. Finalement c'est comme ça que le MaaS pourra atteindre à terme les objectifs de report modal. »

 

 

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